Wahoo War of the Minds 1997

Round Eleven

1.  Samuel Butler said that it was good that God had brought this man and his wife together, so that only two people and not four would be miserable.  When he was visiting John Stuart Mill, a servant accidentally lit a fire with the manuscript of his hist
ory of the French Revolution, which he was forced to rewrite.  FTP, name this early translator of Goethe and author of a Life of Frederick the Great, a Scottish writer who is best remembered for Sartor Resartus.

Answer: Thomas Carlyle

2.  Colorless, odorless, and oily in its pure state, this liquid alkaloid turns brown and smelly when exposed to light or air.  Known in a crude form by the sixteenth century, it was first purified in 1828, and first synthesized in 1904.  Accounting for f
ive percent of the weight of the plant from which it is extracted, it is named for the French diplomat who first sent seeds of that plant home to Paris.  With chemical formula C10H14N2, FTP, what is this principal alkaloid of tobacco?

Answer: nicotine

3.  Inspired by religious works by Tolstoy he discovered in a Galician village, he gave his money away and took a job as an elementary schoolteacher.  Although his early work posited that language consists of identifiable, simple propositions that picture
 facts about the world, his later writings attacked this notion, taking an instrumental view of language as consisting of a number of games.  FTP, name this Austrian philosopher, author of the Blue and Brown Books, Philosophical Investigations, and the Tr
actatus Logico-Philosophicus.

Answer: Ludwig Wittgenstein

4.  After serving as James Monroe's secretary in Great Britain, he returned to Philadelphia, becoming editor of the Port Folio.  A one term member of Congress, he helped edit the History of the Expedition of Lewis and Clark while serving in the Pennsylvan
ia state senate.  FTP, identify this politician, who followed a conservative policy from 1822 to 1836 as president of the second bank of the United States.

Answer: Nicholas Biddle

5.  Its highest point, at 6,880 meters, is Ojos del Salado.  Its main river is the Bio-Bio which reaches the Pacific near Concepcion.  Other large cities include Aldivia, Arica, Punta Arenas, and Valparaiso.  FTP, name this long, narrow nation whose capit
al is Santiago.

Answer: Chile

6.  Their name either comes from the Greek meaning “I sail” or from the name of their mother.  Taygete was the mother of Lacedaemon, Celaeno (ceh-LAY-noh) was the mother of Lycus, Sterope was the wife of Oenomaus (eh-noh-MAY-us), and Merope was the wife o
f Sisyphus.  FTP, identify this group, also including Alcyone, Electra, and Maia, the daughters of Atlas who give their name to a constellation of seven stars.

Answer: the Pleiades

7.  He fled to Syria in 1959 after being sentenced to death for the attempted assassination of General Kassem.  Returning to his country, he was imprisoned in 1964, but found himself in power after the revolution four years later, when he established the 
Revolutionary Command Council.  FTP, name this leader of the Ba’ath party, the longtime dictator of Iraq.

Answer: Saddam Hussein

8.  The idea for this invention came on a vacation to Ben Nevis in 1894, when a scientist noticed the optical effects of the sun shining through the mist.  He tried to recreate those effects at the Cavendish Laboratory, but was frustrated until the discov
ery of radioactivity provided him with a source of ionizing particles.  FTP, name this device, which causes vapor to condense on charged particles, making their tracks visible, introduced in 1911 by Charles Wilson.

Answer: the cloud chamber

9.  She ends up as a Sister of Mercy in Philadelphia, where she recognizes a dying old man as her lover.  She dies of grief, and the two of them are buried together, years after the French and Indian war first separated them.  FTP, identify this woman, wh
o follows Gabriel Lajeunesse to Louisiana, and whose story is told in an 1847 narrative poem in unrhymed hexameter, written by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

Answer: Evangeline

10.  He composed little after 1939, living in Argentina and working on an oratorio, Atlantida, which was unfinished at his death.  Influenced by his friend Debussy, he composed a guitar homage to him, and his study in France affected works like the Harpsi
chord Concerto and Master Peter's Puppet Show.  FTP, identify this composer of Love the Sorcerer, The Three-Cornered Hat, and Nights in the Gardens of Spain.

Answer: Manuel de Falla

11.  She died on May 8, 1891, a day that her followers commemorate as White Lotus day.  She was with Garibaldi at the battle of Mentana, but came to America in 1873, where she met Colonel Olcott, a government official who would later accompany her to Indi
a.  FTP, name this Russian born woman, who established a society at Adyar to become the "nucleus of the universal brotherhood of humanity," the author of Isis Unveiled who is best remembered as the founder of the Theosophical Society.

Answer: Madame Helena Petrovna Blavatsky

12.  His recent work has tried to produce synthetic catalysts which would enable a device to produce oxygen from water.  A longtime professor at Berkeley, his most important experiment involved the single-cell green algae Clorella, which he allowed to abs
orb radioactive carbon dioxide in order to detect the early reaction products.  FTP, name this biochemist, who won the Nobel Prize in 1961 for identifying the reductive pentose phosphate chain of reactions that is named for him and which makes up an impor
tant stage of photosynthesis.

Answer: Melvin Calvin

13.  His political writings included A Vindication of the Conduct of the House of Representatives and The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved.  Advocate general of Massachusetts from 1756 to 1761, he resigned because he refused to enforce t
he Writs of Assistance.  FTP, name this man who was obliged to withdraw from public life in 1769 because of the severity of injuries sustained at the hands of a customs collector, best known for his service as head of the Massachusetts Committee of Corres
pondence and for the phrase "no taxation without representation."

Answer: James Otis

14.  He got a position with Vien in 1765 after Boucher, a distant relative, exerted his influence.  Abandoning Rococo for a Caravagesque chiaroscuro, he went on to adopt a Venetian style during his years in exile in Switzerland.  FTP, name this painter of
 The Sabine Women, the dictator of the arts during the French Revolution who also did the Oath of the Horatii and Coronation of the Emperor Napoleon.

Answer: Jacques-Louis David

15.  He first proposed that the salt in the ocean was dumped there by rivers, discovered that the aurora borealis was caused by magnetic fields, and invented the first diving bell.  However, he is better known for his astronomical achievements, which bega
n when he spent two years in St. Helena, producing the first accurate catalogue of stars in the southern hemisphere.  FTP, name this British scientist, who suggested that nebulae were clouds of gas, succeeded Flamsteed as Astronomer Royal, paid for the pr
inting of Newton’s Principia, and gave his name to the comet of 1682.

Answer: Edmond Halley

16.  His earliest works, such as the poems collected in Anguish  and the plays The Difficult Hour and The Secret of Heaven, show his interest in human frailty when confronted with evil.  The Hangman, a short story from Guest of Reality, is considered his 
masterwork, though he is better known as a novelist.  FTP, name this author of The Death of Ahasuerus, Pilgrim at Sea, The Sibyl, and The Dwarf, a Swede who won the Nobel Prize in 1951.

Answer: Par Lagerkvist

17.  When he was a teenager, Norman Petty discovered his talent, and he had his first hit in 1956 with “Ooby Dooby.”  After the death of his wife Claudette in 1966 and two of his sons two years later, he went into an artistic downswing, but had just been 
rediscovered when he died of heart failure in 1988.  FTP, name this Texas born singer, a founder of the Traveling Wilburys who is best remembered for 1960’s “Only the Lonely.”

Answer: Roy Orbison

18.  Although his wife, a Burgundian princess, wanted him to convert to Christianity, he did not become baptized until 496, fulfilling a vow made before a battle against the Alemanni.  After defeating the Romans at Soissons, his victories over the Burgund
ians and the Visigoths gave him control over most of Gaul.  FTP, identify this leader of the Salian Franks, king from 481 to 511 and founder of the Frankish monarchy.

Answer: Clovis I

19.  He was with Cook on his second voyage to the South Pole, and participated in Admiral Rodney’s victory at Les Saintes in 1782.  In 1791, he was sent on an exploratory journey, in the course of which he surveyed the southwest coast of Australia, New Ze
aland, and America’s Pacific coastline.  FTP, name this British explorer, who returned to England by way of Cape Horn and the Canadian island now named for him, home of the NBA’s Grizzlies.

Answer: George Vancouver

20.  The main character in this novel is the son of Gertrude Coppard.  A junior clerk in Nottingham, he paints in his spare time and falls in love with Miriam Leivers.  In spite of this, he goes on to have an affair with Clara Dawes, a married woman, whil
e also being attracted to her husband Baxter.  FTP, identify this novel, in which Paul Morel represents the author, D. H. Lawrence.

Answer: Sons and Lovers

Boni:

1.  Identify the following novels by Salman Rushdie, none of which is The Satanic Verses, FTP each.
1.  This 1975 work, Rushdie's first novel, is the story of an immortal American Indian and his quest to find the meaning of life.
Answer: Grimus
2.  This Booker Prize winner centers on Shiva and Saleem, two babies born just after independence early in the morning on August 15, 1947.
Answer: Midnight's Children
3.  This 1983 work is set in a country which resembles Pakistan, and its main characters are thought to be modeled on Bhutto and Zia el-Haq.
Answer: Shame

2.  Identify the ships on a 10-5 basis.
1.  10 points:  On its 1907 maiden voyage, it set a speed record of 5 days and 54 minutes in completing its journey from Queenstown, Ireland to New York City.
5 points:  On May 7, 1915, it was sunk by a German U-Boat.
Answer: Lusitania
2.  10 points:  American and British gunboats rescued its 70 survivors from the banks of the Yangtze River.
5 points:  It was a U.S. gunboat attacked by the Japanese in 1937; Secretary of State Hull accepted the quick Japanese apology and offer of reparations.
Answer: Panay
3.  10 points:  It was in transit between Havana and St. Thomas when it encountered a ship commanded by Charles Wilkes.
5 points:  In Oct. 1861, Wilkes's San Jacinto seized the ship and arrested Confederate commissioners Mason and Slidell.
Answer: Trent

3.  Identify the following twentieth century artistic schools FTP each.
1.  The name of this movement comes from a collection of essays published by Marc and Kandinsky in 1910.  Influenced by Cubism and Orphism, they tried to capture the spiritual in art through abstraction.
Answer: The Blue Rider or Der Blaue Reiter
2.  This style, pioneered by Malevich, seeks to evoke emotions through geometric forms.
Answer: suprematism
3.  This movement, which emerged during the 1960s, relied on the laziness of the human eye to make colors appear to be three-dimensional and in motion.  
Answer: Op Art or Optical Art

4.  FTP each, answer these questions about the thermal properties of marine environments.
1.  In lakes and the shallow regions of oceans, during winter and summer, this water layer divides the warmer photic zone from deeper waters where light does not penetrate.  A deeper, permanent one in oceans coincides with the pycnocline, a layer where de
nsity increases rapidly with depth.
Answer: thermocline
2.  In oceans, water below the thermocline may be oxygenated by a process in which volumes of water at great depth are heated by pressure, rise to the surface without transferring heat to the surrounding water, and displace cooler, oxygenated water downwa
rd.  What is the thermodynamic term for a process in which no heat is transferred between a system and its surroundings?
Answer: adiabatic
3.  Adiabatic circulation is negligible in lakes, since they are not as deep as oceans.  Lake bottoms are oxygenated by seasonal mixing due to water's property of being most dense just above its freezing point, so that warmer water can sink beneath colder
 water.  To the nearest degree Celsius, at what temperature is water most dense?
Answer: 4 degrees Celsius

5.  Identify the following concerning a group of poems FTP each.
1.  The W. H. to whom they are dedicated may be William Herbert, earl of Pembroke, or Henry Wriothesley, earl of Southampton.
Answer: Shakespeare's sonnets (accept equivalents)
2.  Shakespeare's sonnets 127 to 152 are addressed to this mysterious woman, who may also be the lost mistress of Sonnets 40 to 42.
Answer: the Dark Lady
3.  Sonnet 18 begins by asking this question, and concludes "So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."
Answer: Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

6.  Answer these questions about civil rights FTP each.
1.  This Arkansas governor tried to prevent the integration of Little Rock schools in 1958.
Answer: Orval Faubus
2.  In 1966 this Massachusetts politician became the first black elected to the Senate since Reconstruction.
Answer: Edward Brooke
3.  This 1965 law allowed the federal government to suspend literacy and character tests required in order to exercise a certain constitutional right.
Answer: Voting Rights Act

7.  Identify the following concerning a certain animal, FTP each.
1.  Along with the serpent in Genesis, it is the only talking animal in the Old Testament.  Its owner was a seer summoned by Balak to curse the tribes of Israel as they came into Canaan, but who blessed them instead.
Answer: Balaam's ass
2.  This animal starved to death when it was placed between two identical bales of hay, since it had no reason to choose one bale over the other one.
Answer: Buridan's ass
3.  This term is applied to the problem, stated in the fifth book of Euclid's Elements, that if two sides of a triangle are equal, the angles opposite them are equal.
Answer: pons asinorum or bridge of asses

8.  FTP each, identify the following concerning the human immune system.
1.  Also called the HLA, or Human Leukocyte Antigen group, this family of genes encodes glycoproteins, embedded in the plasma membranes of cells, which help the body identify its own cells and spare them from being attacked by the immune system.
Answer: MHC or Major Histocompatibility Complex
2.  Lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, come in two varieties.  One matures in the bone marrow, and the other originates there but completes its maturation in the thymus. For five points each, what letters designate the two types?
Answer: B and T lymphocytes
3.  First identified in 1957, these cytokines come in alpha, beta, and gamma varieties.  They are produced by virus-infected cells, and stimulate nearby cells to produce other proteins that ward off the virus.
Answer: interferons

9.  Identify the composers of the following twentieth century cantatas, FTP each.
1.  He put the solo singers in the orchestra pit in The Wedding, a description of a primitive Russian wedding festival.
Answer: Igor Stravinsky
2.  His cantatas include Ode to Napoleon, a setting of a Byron poem, and A Survivor from Warsaw, written after World War II.
Answer: Arnold Schoenberg
3.  Osbert Sitwell wrote the text for this British composer's Belshazzar's Feast.
Answer: William Walton

10.  Identify these deserts FTP each.
1.  Also called Desierto de Altar, it stretches across southeastern California, southwestern Arizona, Baja California Norte and the Mexican state which is its namesake. Encompassing the Colorado and Yuma deserts, its landscape is dotted by cities like Pal
m Springs, Tucson, and Phoenix.
Answer: Sonoran desert
2.  Bordered on the north by the Altai and Hangayn mountain ranges, on the east by the Greater Khingan Range, and on the south by the Pei Mountains, much of its surface is not sandy desert but bare rock.  Its name is an indigenous term for "waterless plac
e".
Answer: Gobi desert
3.  Also called the Great Indian Desert, this tract of rolling sand hills and salt lakes is located partly in the Indian state of Rajasthan and partly in Pakistan.  Cattle are raised here, and it is the home of the vanishing great bustard, among other bir
ds.
Answer: Thar desert

11.  Identify the following novels by Vladimir Nabokov, for the stated number of points.
1.  5 points:  This novel consists of a poem in heroic couplets by John Shade and a demented commentary written by Charles Kinbote.
Answer: Pale Fire
2.  10 points:  Subtitled "A Family Chronicle," this lengthy work deals with the incestuous love of Van and the title character.
Answer: Ada, or Ardor
3.  15 points:  This Kafkaesque novel is told from the perspective of Cincinnatus C., who has been sentenced to death for "gnostical turpitude."
Answer: Invitation to a Beheading

12.  For five points each and five more for all correct, given a list of anatomical structures, name the organ of the human body in which they are found.
1.  Bowman's capsules and the loops of Henle.
Answer: kidney
2.  Follicles and red pulp.
Answer: spleen
3.  Intercalated disks and semilunar valves.
Answer: heart
4.  Hepatic and Kupffer cells
Answer: liver
5.  Acinar cells and the duct of Wirsung
Answer: pancreas

13.  Identify the following concerning a mythological hero, FTP each.
1.  Originally named Setanta, he took his more famous name after killing a dog.  When he saw how sad the dog's owner was, he promised to serve as a watchdog until the animal could be replaced, leading to this name.
Answer: Cu Chulainn
2.  This queen of Cruachain created a magic army which Cu Chulainn fought until he died of exhaustion.
Answer: Queen Medb
3.  Cu Chulainn is the chief hero of this collection of sagas, the most important of which is the Cattle Raid of Cooley.
Answer: the Ulster cycle

14.  Name the plays by August Strindberg from descriptions FTP each.
1.  Laura drives her husband mad by suggesting that their daughter is not his and that he is already insane.
Answer: The Father
2.  In this play, a count's daughter seduces a footman and then kills herself.
Answer: Miss Julie
3.  Edgar tries to continue to dominate his wife Alice despite her illness in this play.
Answer: The Dance of Death

15.  In 1930, his studies of wave mechanics had worked out solutions which indicated that there was no reason an electron had to be negatively charged and a proton positive, and in fact that each should have a twin, identical in all respects but opposite 
in charge.  His antiparticle theory was soon confirmed by the discovery of positrons, but he had to wait another 33 years before the discovery of the antiproton was confirmed.  FTP each, name this English physicist, the American discoverer of the positron
, and the Italian who discovered the antiproton.
Answers: Paul Dirac, Carl David Anderson, Emilio Segre

16.  Name these U.S. Olympic swimmers given their exploits at the 1996 Games, for the stated number of points.
1.  5 points: Despite not winning anything in 1996, this 4-time women’s medalist from 1992 got on television when she was interviewed as the bomb went off in Centennial Park.
Answer: Janet Evans
2.  10 points: He fought off asthma and his longtime Michigan rival to win the 400 meter Intermediate Medley.
Answer: Tom Dolan
3.  15 points: The most decorated American in any sport at the games was this swimmer who won four golds.
Answer: Amy Van Dyken

17.  Answer these questions about the end of the Roman empire FTP each.
1.  This emperor was killed at Adrianople in 378.
Answer: Valens
2.  Honorius made this Italian city his capital in 404.
Answer: Ravenna
3.  This Herulian king deposed the last western emperor in 476.
Answer: Odoacer

18.  Identify the following concerning an American economist FTP each.
1.  The author of The Engineers and The Price System and Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution, he believed that an economy is not driven by price mechanisms but by the value system of the culture.
Answer: Thorstein Veblen
2.  The terms "captain of industry" and "conspicuous consumption" first appeared in this 1899 Veblen work.
Answer: The Theory of the Leisure Class
3.  This 1904 Veblen work theorized that profit seeking led to irrational behavior.
Answer: The Theory of Business Enterprise

19.  Name these figures associated with the European Union FTP each.
1.  This former Deputy Secretary General of the League of Nations was the first president of the ECSC High Authority and is known as "the Father of a United Europe."
Answer: Jean Monnet
2.  This French foreign minister helped develop the European Coal and Steel Community by devising a plan that bears his name.
Answer: Robert Schuman
3.  The UK formed this group in 1959 after rejecting membership in the European Common Market.
Answer: European Free Trade Association

20.  Answer these questions about scientists who worked with the ether hypothesis FTP each.
1.  His experiments contradicting the ether hypothesis predated the Michelson-Morley experiment by thirty years, but were viewed as aberrations.  He also found the first accurate value for the speed of light using non-astronomical techniques, and wrote on
 the Doppler shift independently of Doppler’s work.
Answer: Armand-Hippolyte-Louis Fizeau
2.  Attempting to rescue the ether hypothesis in the wake of the Michelson-Morley experiment, this Irish physicist proposed, independently of the work of Lorentz, that matter, including the instruments used in the experiment, contracts along its direction
 of motion.
Answer: George Francis Fitzgerald
3.  This French mathematician believed the concept of absolute motion meaningless, and fit Lorentz’ ideas into a theory in which the electron’s motion is governed by Maxwell’s equations.  However, he stopped short of denying the ether or proclaiming the c
onstancy of the speed of light, so he doesn’t get credit for developing relativity theory.
Answer: (Jules-)Henri Poincaré