Subject: JHU '97
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 1998 15:37:08 -0400
From: Robert_Whaples@mta.wfu.edu
To: dmlevins@uclink2.berkeley.edu

Packet for 8th Annual Johns Hopkins tournament, Fall 1997
by Wake Forest University

Toss Ups:

1. Born in 1914, this American poet's early work was influenced by W.B.
Yeats and Gerard Manley Hopkins. He discovered his own poetic voice with
his "Homage to Mistress Bradstreet" and later published his masterwork,
the series known as "Dream Songs."  His friends included the poets Randall
Jerrell and Robert Lowell.  Identify this poet, who in 1972 at the age of
57, leaped to his death from the Washington Avenue Bridge in Minneapolis.

Ans: John Berryman

2. The English king Charles II came to the throne with the Restoration in
1660, promoting tolerance for Dissenters and Catholics.  However, the
Anglican establishment was not full of such Christian charity.  In 1673
Parliament passed a law requiring civil or military officeholders to take
communion according to Anglican ritual and declare their disbelief in
Transubstantiation. For ten points, what was the name of this law?

Ans: the Test Act

3. Many biologists believe that these biochemicals were the first
self-reproducing biological systems on earth, serving as enzymes for their
own replication. FTP, what are these chemicals that occur in m, t, and r
forms in modern cells?

Ans: RNA (ribonucleic acid) (do not accept DNA)

4. This Italian Baroque artist was born in 1597 in Italy and received her
first formal training from her father, Orazio, at the age of 12. Later on
when she was 16, her father hired an another Italian artist to instruct
her in painting, and she publicly accused that artist of raping her. As a
result, she was put on trial and was forced to recount her event before a
jury of her peers. Deemed a 'used woman' this artist never married and
instead had a successful career as a painter until her death in 1652 . FTP
who is this artist best known for her Biblical paintings including Judith
and the King?

Ans: Artemisia Gentileschi

5. By early August, 1997 the SET Index had fallen 54% from its 1996 high
and its currency had plummeted 23% against the dollar in just one month.
The government had spent almost $20 billion trying to prop up the currency
and nearly $16 billion attempting to bail out its shaky financial
institutions.  Finally, it announced that it was closing about half the
countrys financial firms and asked the IMF for a $15 billion loan while
increasing the nations value added tax by 3 percentage points.  For ten
points, name this East Asian nation whose currency is the baht.

Ans: Thailand

6. The author of this work is probably responsible for the three religious
poems found along with it in one of its few surviving manuscripts. Written
in Middle English, its dialect indicates an origin of about 150 miles NW
of London.  It's so-called Bob and Wheel stanzaic structure is unique in
English poetry.  Believed to have been written about the same time as the
Canterbury Tales, this work employs a blend of Christian morality and
comic, even satiric touches.  Drawn from the traditions of Romance and
folklore as well as Arthurian legend, name this great Medieval poem, ftp.

Ans: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

7. He was born in Argentina, studied to be a doctor but never practiced
medicine.  Instead, he became the president of the Land Reform Institute,
the Ministry of Industries, and the Cuban National Bank.  For ten points,
name this comrade of Fidel Castro, who organized the Patrice Lumumba
Battalion during the Congo's civil war and who was killed by the Bolivian
army on October 8, 1967.

ans: Ernesto "Che" Guevara

8. This principle governs the structure of the electron gas in metals and,
more generally, the statistics of odd-spin 1/2 particles.  It is also
responsible for the degeneracy that keeps neutron stars from becoming
black holes.  FTP, name this principle that says that no two electrons in
an atom share the same set of quantum numbers.

Ans: Pauli Exclusion Principle

9. He was born around 903 and died at Alt-Bunzlau on September 28, 935.
His parents were Duke Wratislaw, a Christian, and Dragomir, a heathen. He
received a good Christian education from his grandmother, St. Ludmilla. As
Duke he placed Bohemia under the protection of Germany, introduced German
priests, and favoured the Latin rite instead of the old Slavic, which had
gone into disuse in many places for want of priests.  He had taken the vow
of virginity and was known for his virtues. At the instigation of his
mother, he was murdered by his brother Boleslaw. The body, hacked to
pieces, was buried at the place of murder, but three years later Boleslaw,
having repented of his deed, ordered its translation to the Church of St.
Vitus in Prague. For ten points, name this patron saint of Bohemia, whose
generosity to one of his subjects, on a cold December night (the feast of
Stephen) has been immortalized in a famous song.

Ans: Wenceslaus

10. Those Soviets went a little over board in glorifying their system and
leaders with geographical names.  For example, one Soviet mountain range
contained Communism Peak, Lenin Peak and Revolution Peak, all of which are
taller than Mount McKinley.  For ten points, identify this mountain range,
which is located in the former Soviet nation Tajikistan.

Ans: The Pamirs

11. An acronym in Russian for Chief Administration of Corrective Labor
Camps, this system was used for political prisoners in the old USSR.
Under Stalin, millions of prisoners died in these camp from starvation and
maltreatment.  FTP, identify the system made famous in the work of the
dissident author Aleksander Solzhenitsyn.

Ans: gulag

12. Sometimes called "the pope of Marxism" he was the leading theoretician
of German Social Democracy in its heyday, from the early 1880s to 1914.
He laid down the catechism of orthodox Marxism.  His writings on economic
crises and underconsumption, as on every other major issue, were accepted
as defining the position of orthodox Marxism.  With Eduard Bernstein he
drafted the 1891 Erfurt program of German Social Democracy, which asserted
baldly that economic crises were inevitable under capitalism. FTP, name
him.

answer: Karl Kautsky

13. This constant is inversely proportional to the age of the universe,
and some astronomers claim that it has a value of 60 km/s/Mpc (kilometers
per second per megaparsec) while others say that it has a value as high as
80 km/s/Mpc.  The higher value has suggested the paradox that some stars
might be older than the universe!  FTP, what is this constant, named for
the astronomer who discovered the expansion of the universe (which it
measures)?

Ans: the Hubble Constant

14. While Jacob and his family were living on a piece of land bought from
Hamor, Shechem, the son of Hamor, fell in love with this daughter of Jacob
and Leah, and seduced her.  Outraged, her brothers tricked the locals into
undergoing circumcision and killed them while they were recovering from
the painful operation.  For ten points, identify the woman at the center
of this Biblical story of lust and murder.

Ans: Dinah

15. He married Billie Jean Jones, the widow of country music legend Hank
Williams and was himself a successful country singer with songs like Honky
Tonk Man, I'm A One-Woman Man, Coming Home and All Grown Up.   He then
began to record a series of saga songs that crossed over to the pop
charts.  Among these were Sink the Bismarck in 1960 and the title song for
the John Wayne movie North to Alaska.  For ten points, name this singer,
killed in a car wreck in November, 1960, whose greatest fame is from his
1959 song, The Battle Of New Orleans

ans: Johnny Horton

16. In this novel, Anney Boatwright is a 15 year old, high school drop-out
who gives birth to a illegitimate child. She is determined to have the
word "illegitimate" removed from her daughter's birth certificate and
tries on three different occasions to do so. After she is unsuccessful in
doing so, she eventually marries the first of her two husbands, Lyle
Parsons who proves to be a good husband to Anney and her daughter, Bone,
but unfortunately, dies in a car accident shortly after their marriage.
Anney then marries her second husband Glenn Wendell who beats and sexually
abuses Bone when Anney is not around. FTP name this 1990 Dorothy Allison
novel which in 1996 was made into a cable TV movie and was directed by
Angelica Houston?

Ans: Bastard Out of Carolina

17. In 1965, the Supreme Court struck down an 1879 Connecticut law that
banned the use of contraceptives.  The court ruled that the first, third,
fourth, fifth, ninth, and fourteenth amendments to the Constitution imply
a "right to privacy," thus laying the ground work for the infamous Roe v.
Wade decision eight years later.  For ten points, name this case.

Ans: Griswold v. Connecticut

18. Some molecules will rotate a light beam as it passes through them, and
these molecules all come in two different forms.  In fact, sometimes these
forms are so different that the human body can use one but not the other.
FTP, what property do molecules have when they are not identical to their
mirror images?

Ans: chirality or handedness

19. Though his parents were musical, one writer described his birth as
similar to having "a mountain range appear suddenly in the back yard."  As
a baby he hummed instead of crying.  By age 10 he was studying at the
Toronto Conservatory. As an adult he was hailed by some as the greatest
pianist of the century, but derided by others for his willingness to
improvise from the original composition and his eccentricities, such as
gesturing, singing, fidgeting, and even reading magazines in the middle of
performances.  Eventually he became quite reclusive, hypersensitive to
both criticism and germs.  FTP, name this Canadian who died at age 50 in
1982.

Ans: Glenn Gould

20. It is made from a log of the eucalyptus tree, which is buried inside a
termites' mound.  The termites gnaw away at the soft wood inside the log,
leaving a hollow pipe, which is then decorated.  Name this musical
instrument of Australia's aborigines.

ans: the didgeridoo

21. This author was born in Edinburgh in 1859 to Irish Catholic parents.
He was a Jesuit pupil at Stonyhurst College and graduated with a degree in
medicine from the U. of Edinburgh in 1881. Upon receiving his doctorate in
1885, he left Britain to work as a doctor in the South Seas then left to
work as a trader in West Africa. His literary career began in 1891 when he
moved to London and began writing for the newly formed Strand Magazine.
FTP name this author who is regarded as a master of the short story and
who is best known for his detective stories including A Study in Scarlet.

Ans: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

22. Charlemange became the most powerful in Europe around the year 800.
Had is not been for his father, Pepin the Short, who overthrew the last
Merovingina ruler in 751, Charlemange would never have achieved this
success and glory.  Likewise, Pepin the Short had a famous father, who won
one of the crucial battles in European history, when he defeated the
invading Saracens in 732 at Tours.  For ten points, name this father of
Pepin, the grandfather of Charlemange.

Ans: Charles Martel

23. The New Tokyo International Airport at Narita handles almost 1.7
billion metric tons of cargo each year, LAX, Miami International, and JFK
handle somewhat less.  However, the largest cargo airport in the world
isn't in one of these major cities, it is in a southern city whose metro
area has a little less than 1,000,000 residents.  For ten points, name
this city, the hub of FedEx.

Ans: Memphis

24. Son of a distinguished Australian marine biologist, he attended a
number of fine schools and was expelled from most.  At 16 he sailed to New
Guinea to enter government service, but he soon left this employment to
look for gold.  Later he managed a New Guinea tobacco plantation and
dispatched a regular column for the Sydney Bulletin.  In 1933, he took his
first acting role, in a semidocumentary about the mutiny on the HMS
Bounty.  Within two years, he was in Hollywood and a star of films like
The Charge of the Light Brigade, The Sea Hawk, Captain Blood, and the
Adventures of Robin Hood.  Name this infamously roguish film star, for ten
points.

Ans; Errol Flynn

25. The Fermi Prize, now awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
recognizes exceptional scientific and technical achievements in the
development, use or control of atomic energy.  Its first winner was Enrico
Fermi. The third, fourth, and fifth winners were Ernest Lawrence, Eugen
Wigner, and Glenn Seaborg.  The second man to win this prize was a
Hungarian immigrant who was best known as a mathematician, but is also
considered a major contributor to the fields of economics, computer
science and physics.  In physics, he identified quantum mechanical states
with vectors and formalized a great deal of quantum mechanics, and he
designed the implosion mechanism for the atomic bomb at Los Alamos.  As an
advisor to IBM, he pushed computers toward their modern design of having
stored programs (disks versus hard-wired cartridges) and digital, binary
data handling.  For ten points, name this former Princeton professor, who
with Oskar Morgenstern invented the field of game theory.

Ans: John von Neumann

Boni:

1. Identify these Salman Rushdie novels for ten points each:
The 1983 allegorical novel about a country that was "not quite Pakistan."

Ans: Shame

The 1981 novel which takes its name from the 1,001 children born in the
first hour of Indian independence, August 25, 1997.

Ans: Midnight's Children

The first novel Rushdie wrote after the Iranian government issued a fatwa,
or death sentence, against him for alleged blasphemy in "The Satanic
Verses"

Ans: The Moor's Last Sigh

2. Answer these questions about the Crusades:

>From October, 1097 to June, 1098, the First Crusade besieged and then
captured the largest, best fortified city on the Eastern Mediterranean
coast, under the leadership of Bohemond.  They held this city for over 250
years.  Name it for ten points.

Ans: Antioch

The First Crusade established two military orders in the Kingdom of
Jerusalem, which fought countless battles with the Saracens.  One order
was named from their first headquarters.  The second order conquered the
island of Rhodes and later Malta, changing their name to the Knights of
Malta.  Name these two orders for five points each.

Ans: Knights Templars (after the Temple of Solomon)
Knights Hospitalers

During an after the First Crusade an Islamic sect became influential.
Founded by Hassan ibn-al-Sabbah and headquartered at the impregnable
fortress named the Eagle's Nest, they terrified Islamic leaders into
attacking the Christian invaders.  What is the common name for this sect.

Ans: The Assassins

3. Death.  Destruction.  Mayhem.  Granted, these words might be a little
extreme for describing most acids in moderate concentrations, but we do
tend to think of acids in corrosive terms.  So, FTP each, name the
following acids given a description of a corrosive property.
This acid, used frequently in chemistry lab classes, leaves a unique mark
on the clumsy first year lab student (and anyone else who happens to spill
it on himself).  It stains the skin yellow-brown and the stained skin dies
and peels off in about a week.

Ans: nitric acid

This acid is a powerful dehydrating agent, so powerful that much of the
damage it does to the human body is because it pulls water even out of
other molecules in chemical reactions.

Ans: sulfuric acid

This is actually a mixture of acids in high concentrations.  It was named
because it is almost the only liquid that will dissolve gold and platinum
to any noticeable extent.

Ans: aqua regia

4. Identify these twentieth century American painters by their works for
five points each.  Five point bonus, if you can name all five.

Stag at Sharkey's (1907) and Dempsey and Firpo (1924)

Ans: George Bellows

The President (1917), Lucky Strike (1921) and Egg Beater, Number 2 (1927)

Ans: Stuart Davis

Flag (1954)

Ans: Jasper Johns

Pancho Villa, Dead and Alive (1943), Great Wall of China, No. 4 (1971)

Ans: Robert Motherwell

The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti (1931)

Ans: Ben Shahn

5. Investigators in South Africa are currently probing the deaths of four
people who were alleged killed by the bodyguards of a high-ranking ANC
official during the apartheid era.  For ten points, name this ANC leader.

ans: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela (accept Winnie Mandela)

For ten more points, what is the name of the commission investigating this
crime and others during the apartheid regime.

ans: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission

For a final ten points, what euphemistic name was given to the
Madikizela-Mandela's bodyguards?

ans: The Mandela United Football Club (accept Mandela Football Club)

6. Renaissance writers believed that human temperament was a result of the
mixture and interaction of four fluids--blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and
black bile.  For ten points, what name did the writers collectively give
to these four fluids, and for five points each what four English
adjectives refer to the temperaments supposedly created by an
overabundance of one of them?

Ans: Humours;
sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholy, choleric (accept variants of these four
words)

7. Through out of history the U.S. center of population has generally
drifted westward and a bit to the south.  For ten points each, identify
the state in which the U.S. center of population was located according to
the Census Bureau in the first census (1790), the census of 1950, and the
most recent census.

Answers:
Maryland, 1790
Illinois, 1950
Missouri, 1990

8. Identify the 20th century mathematician, 30-20-10.
30: He was such a prolific researcher that mathematicians figure a degree
of separation from him by shared collaborators (much like actors have a
"Kevin Bacon number").
20: He was something of an itinerant mathematician, living mostly with
friends and holding mainly honorary positions at various universities
because he rarely stayed anywhere long enough to teach.  Although he lived
most of his adult life in Israel, he never transferred his citizenship
from his native country.
10: In mathematics, he was primarily a combinatoricist, and this Hungarian
mathematician was hailed as the greatest mathematician of the 20th century
and one of the greatest of all time.  His death in fall 1996 grieved the
worldwide mathematics community greatly.

Pa'l Erdo:s (the : is an umlaut) (accept Erdo:s Pa'l)

9. Identify these characters from the Odyssey, for ten points each:

Name Odysseus's long suffering wife, who waits patiently for him, despite
a house full of boorish suitors.

Ans: Penelope

Name the daughter of Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians, who conducts
Odysseus to the court of her father when he is shipwrecked. Odysseus is
carried back to Ithaca by the Phaeacians.

ans: Nausicaa

Odysseus's son Telemachus goes to visit Nestor and Menelaus.  On his
voyage he is accompanied by Athena, who is disguised as one of Odysseus's
friends.  Which one?

ans: Mentor

10. Military geography is the subject of this question.  For five points a
piece, give the state in which are found each of these bases:

Ft. Campbell, home of the Screaming Eagles, 101st airborne division

Ans: Kentucky

Fort Riley, home of "The Big Red One," the mechanized first infantry

Ans: Kansas

Ft. Meade, headquarters of the First U.S. Army

Ans: Maryland

Ft. Belvoir, home of the Army Intelligence and Security Command

Ans: Virginia

Ft. Bragg, home of the Army Special Operation Command

Ans: North Carolina

Ft. Irwin, home of the National Training Center

Ans: California

11. Everybody's heard of Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.  The
details of the story are worth 5 points a piece for you.

What was the first name of Dr. Jekyll?

ans: Henry

What was Mr. Hyde's first name?

ans: Edward

Which MP did Mr. Hyde kill?

ans: Sir Danvers Carew

Name Dr. Jekyll's lawyer who is the central figure of the story and finds
Mr.. Hyde as he is dying.

ans: Mr. Utterson

Name Dr. Jekyll's colleague who dies not long after witnessing one of the
transformations.

ans: Hastie Lanyon

Now for the easiest part of the question: Who is the author of this story?

ans: Robert Louis Stevenson

12. Identify these major party tickets of the last half century by the
home states of the nominees.  For example, if I said Arkansas and
Tennessee, you'd say Clinton-Gore.

California-Maryland

Ans: Nixon-Agnew (1968 and 1972)

Michigan-Kansas

Ans: Ford-Dole (1976)

Minnesota-New York

Ans: Mondale-Ferraro (1984)

13. Identify the following famous pairs of physicists whose names go
together like peanut butter and jelly, for 10 pts each:

These two physicists "dropped" a photon off a building in Harvard and
measured the blueshift in the light due to the radiation using the
Mossbauer effect.  They won the 1959 Nobel prize in physics for their
experiment.

Ans: Robert Pound and Glenn Rebka (just last names necessary)

They accelerated electrons through mercury gas and observed that the
electrons lost energy in discrete units corresponding to excitations in
the energies of the gas atoms and won the Nobel prize together in 1914.

Ans: James Franck and Gustav Hertz

These two Bell Labs scientists won the 1965 Nobel (along with one other
scientist) for discovering the cosmic microwave background radiation (and
realizing what it was).

Ans: Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson

14. Identify these Rugby terms for ten points each:
This is completed when a player crosses the goal line and touches the ball
on the grass

Ans: A "Try"

This shoulder-to-shoulder battle restarts play after a non-penalty
stoppage

Ans: A "scrum"

This player, the front man in the scrum, uses his feet to attempt to pass
the ball back to his teammates.

Ans: The "Hooker"

15. For ten points each, identify who spake each of these lines in the
Bible:
"My punishment is greater than I can bear"

ans: Cain

"I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me?"

ans: John the Baptist

"Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb."

Ans: Elizabeth, cousin of Mary

16. Identify these characters from William Shakespeare's The Tempest, for
five points each.

The play is set on an island which at the beginning of the play has only
two human inhabitants, the deposed Duke of Milan and his daughter.  Name
them.

Ans: Prospero and Miranda

Another inhabitant of the island is a monstrous creature, who is the son
of a witch who formerly inhabited the island.  Name him and his mother.

Ans: Caliban and Sycorax

A fourth resident of the island is a spirit.  Freed from a tree by
Prospero, he carries out Prospero's commands. Name him.

Ans: Ariel

Finally, name the young Prince of Naples who comes to the island and falls
in love with Miranda.

Ans: Ferdinand

17. For ten points each, name these people associated with the history of
Burma (or as its leaders prefer these days, Myanmar)

He headed the Burmese government in 1946-47, but was assassinated.  His
daughter won the Nobel Peace Prize.

Ans: Aung San

He was in charge of British forces in Southeast Asia in World War II
1943-1946, was the last viceroy of India,
The great-grandson of Queen Victoria, he was assassinated by IRA
terrorists in 1979.

Ans: Louis Mountbatten (Earl Mountbatten of Burma)

He overthrew U Nu to become dictator, a position he held from 1958 to
1988.

Ans: U Ne Win (also accept Maung Shu Maung)

18. Answer these questions about Venus:

For ten points, radar mapping of Venus's surfaces has revealed several
continent-like bodies, the largest is about half the size of Africa.  What
is it called?

Ans: Aphrodite Terra.

For another ten, which Venusian crater marks the zero meridian on maps of
Venus?

Ans: The crater Eve

The three most common gases in Earth's atmosphere are N2, O2, and H2O.
For five points each, name any two of the three most common gases in
Venus's atmosphere?

Ans: CO2, N2, SO2

19. Answer these musical questions, for ten each:

This Russian composer had enormous hands.  Each hand could stretch over 12
keys on the piano.  Among his noted works is Rhapsody on a Theme from
Paganini.

Ans: Sergei Rachmaninov

This composer wrote a piece that is nicknamed Cat's Fugue.  He said that
his cat made up the tune as it
tiptoed along the keys of his harpsichord.  He wrote over 500 sonatas.

Ans: Domenico Scarlatti

This German stage composer's works include The Threepenny Opera, One Touch
of Venus, and Street Scene.

Ans: Kurt Weill

20. This question tests your knowledge of the minimum wage.

First, for five points, what is the currently hourly minimum wage?

Ans: $5.15

For five more points, what was the original federal minimum wage back in
1938?

Ans: 25 cents per hour

Now for ten points, which New Deal Act set the original minimum wage at 25
cents per hour?

Ans: The Fair Labor Standards Act

Finally, for ten points, according to standard economic theory a minimum
wage will decrease employment levels for very unskilled workers.  Is this
decrease in employment caused by a movement along the labor demand curve,
a shift in the labor demand, a movement along the supply curve of labor,
or a shift in the labor supply curve.

Ans: A movement along the labor demand curve

21. Identify the man, 30-20-10.

30: In 1199 he married an heiress and began to acquire lands and power.
During 1215-18 and 1222-32 he was "lawspeaker," or president, of the
Icelandic high court.  After a visit to Norway, he persuaded King Haakon
IV that he could become king of Iceland, becoming Haakon's vassal. He
returned to Iceland in 1220, but in the ensuing years his relations with
Haakon deteriorated, and, in 1241, by Haakon's order, he was assassinated.

20: He wrote a biography of St. Olaf of Norway, which he included in his
Heimskringla, a history of the Norwegian kings from their legendary
descent from Odin down to Magnus Erlingsson (1184).

10: His most famous work, The Prose Edda, is a handbook on poetics. In
this work he arranges and recounts the legends of Norse mythology in an
entertaining way. He then explains the ornate diction of the ancient
skaldic poets and explains the great variety of poetic metres used in
skaldic and Eddic verse

Ans:  Snorri Sturluson

22. Answer these historical questions which may or may not be related:

He was Supreme Court chief justice from 1888 to 1910 and wrote decision
for US v. E. C. Knight Co. which said that the commerce clause does not
permit federal antitrust law to regulate manufacturing.

ans: Melville Fuller (first name not needed- don't give the answer, if
they don't get it)

This architect and engineer, wrote "Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth"
in 1969 and gave his name in a recently discovered form of carbon.

Ans: (Richard) Buckminster Fuller

She entered history books by becoming the first ever recipient of a Social
Security check in 1940.

Ans: Ida May Fuller (need first name)

23. Answer the following about carnivorous plants of North America for the
stated number of points:

10 points: This plant is the rarest of carnivorous plants, and it actively
traps its prey.  What is this plant, found mostly in the eastern areas of
North Carolina and the inspiration of Audrey in _Little Shop of Horrors_?

Ans: Venus fly trap

15 points: This carnivore can digest an insect in about a day, and it is a
passive trapper.  What is the only pitfall trap carnivorous plant in North
America?

Ans: pitcher plant

For 5 points, does the pitcher plant get most of its digestive enzymes
from itself, from bacteria, in roughly equal amounts from itself and from
bacteria, or from its victims?

Ans: itself

24. He appeared in 43 films and his TV program placed among the top 10
eight times during the 1950s and 1960s.  Born in Vincennes, Indiana in
1913, he died in September of 1997.  For ten points name this comedian who
said, "I just want to be known as a clown because to me that's the height
of my profession."

answer: Richard Bernard "Red" Skelton

Now, for five points each, name these characters created by Red Skelton:

The slow-witted hayseed for whom he was most famous.

ans: Clem Kadiddlehopper

The punchdrunk boxer.

ans: Cauliflower McPugg

The two cross-eyed seagulls.

ans: Gertrude and Heathcliffe

25. The common link in this question is scientific discovery.

First for ten points, name the U.S. physicist who wrote the classic The
Structure of Scientific Revolutions.  He died in 1996.

Ans: Thomas Kuhn

Another scientist who died in 1996 was Julian Hill, a chemist who
accidentally discovered nylon in 1930.  For ten points, name the company
for which he worked at the time.

Ans: DuPont

Finally, a third scientist who died in 1996 was Ray McIntire, who invented
Styrofoam during World War II.  Like Julian Hill, his revolutionary
scientific discovery was accidental.  For what company did he work?

Ans: Dow